Hence, almost all life on Earth, including humans, evolved to use light as a cue to anticipate environmental changes and adapt their activities and biological rhythms to daily, monthly, seasonal and annual cycles of ambient light. In nature, where environment changes all the time, light/dark cycles are among most stable and predictable environmental changes.
It disrupts natural light/dark cycles, and increases nocturnal illumination above natural levels in many regions of the world. Light pollution is caused by inadequate or excessive use of artificial lights, such as street and road lights, residential lights, decorative and security lights, lights from vehicles, boats, off-shore platforms etc. On Darkness, Light and Artificial Light at Night This has transformed the nighttime environment relatively quickly, shaping the modern, urban lifestyle, but also leading to light pollution that obscures the view of the night sky and raises concerns about negative effects of night lights on our health and environment.
With the growth of the human population, increasing urbanization, access to electricity and to affordable lights, use of artificial light at night has exponentially increased in the last decades. Now, we are one flip of a switch away from replacing darkness of the night with bright light that brings comfort and familiarity to billions of people around the globe.Īrtificial lighting greatly benefits humanity for a typical day-active species such as humans, it allows us to prolong our activities into the night and increases our feeling of safety. Until recently, it has also been an integrative part of our daily lives. Darkness has been an integrative part of natural history of our planet for billions of years.
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